Difference between Test case & Test scenario

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What is the Test Case?

A Test Case is a set of actions executed to verify a particular feature or functionality of your software application. A test case contains test steps, test data, precondition, and postcondition developed for a specific test scenario to verify any requirement. The test case includes specific variables or conditions, using which a testing engineer can compare expected and actual results to determine whether a software product is functioning as per the requirements of the customer. 

What is a Test Scenario? 

A Test Scenario is defined as any functionality that can be tested. It is a collective set of test cases which helps the testing team to determine the positive and negative characteristics of the project. Test scenario gives a high-level idea of what we need to test.

Key Differences between Test Case and Test Scenario
  • A test Case is a set of actions executed to verify particular features or functionality, whereas a Test Scenario is any functionality that can be tested.
  • Test Case is mostly derived from test scenarios, while Test Scenarios are derived from test artifacts like BRS and SRS.
  • Test Case helps in exhaustive testing of an application, whereas Test Scenario helps in an agile way of testing the end-to-end functionality.
  • Test Cases are focused on what to test and how to test, while Test Scenario is more focused on what to test.
  • Test Cases are low-level actions, whereas Test Scenarios are high-level actions.
  • Test Case requires more resources and time for test execution, while Test Scenario requires fewer resources and time for test execution.
  • Test Case includes test steps, data, and expected results for testing, whereas Test Scenario includes an end-to-end functionality to be tested.
Example of Test Scenario

For an eCommerce Application, a few test scenarios would be: -

Test Scenario 1: Check the Search Functionality
Test Scenario 2: Check the Payments Functionality
Test Scenario 3: Check the Login Functionality

Example of Test Cases

Test cases for the Test Scenario: “Check the Login Functionality” would be: -
  1. Check system behaviour when valid email id and password is entered.
  2. Check system behaviour when invalid email id and valid password is entered.
  3. Check system behaviour when valid email id and invalid password is entered.
  4. Check system behaviour when invalid email id and invalid password is entered.
  5. Check system behaviour when email id and password are left blank and Sign in entered.
  6. Check Forgot your password is working as expected
  7. Check system behaviour when valid/invalid phone number and password is entered.
  8. Check system behaviour when “Keep me signed” is checked.

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